Category: pyrrolines

The dynamic chemical diversity of the numerous elements, ions and molecules that constitute the basis of life provides wide challenges and opportunities for research. 1953-02-2, Name is Tiopronin, SMILES is O=C(O)CNC(C(S)C)=O, in an article , author is Hideg, E, once mentioned of 1953-02-2, Product Details of 1953-02-2.

EPR spectroscopy detection of active oxygen and free radicals in thylakoids exposed to photoinhibition

High intensity illumination of thylakoids results in the well-characterized impairment of Photosystem Il electron transport (photoinhibition), followed by the degradation of the D1 reaction centre protein. The time course and features of photodamage are different in fully functional thylakoid membranes, when photoinhibition is invoked by impairment of Photosystem II acceptor side electron transport, and in thylakoids which are unable to oxidize water, when the damage is a consequence of inactivation of Photosystem II donor side. In the present study we followed the production of singlet oxygen and free radicals during both types of photoinhibition by EPR spectroscopy. Singlet oxygen was detected by following the formation of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, a stable nitroxide radical yielded in the reaction of singlet oxygen with the sterically hindered amine 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine. Free radicals were detected as spin adducts of the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrrolin-N-oxide, and identified on the basis of hyperfine splitting constants of the EPR spectre. We found that (i) singlet oxygen, a non-radical form of active oxygen was detectable only in samples undergoing acceptor side induced photodamage. (ii) The acceptor side induced process was accompanied by the oxygen dependent production of carbon centred (alkyl or hydroxyalkyl) radicals, probably from the reaction of singlet oxygen with histidine residues. (iii) Donor side induced photoinhibition was dominated by hydroxyl radicals, which were produced in anaerobic samples, too. The production rate of these radicals, as well as D1 protein degradation, was dependent on the possibility of electron donation From manganese ions to Photosystem II. The marked distinction between the active oxygen forms produced in acceptor and donor side induced photoinhibition are in agreement with earlier reports on the different mechanism of these processes.

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Pyrroline – Wikipedia,
,1-Pyrroline | C4H7N – PubChem

Chemical engineers work across a number of sectors, processes differ within each of these areas, but chemistry and chemical engineering roles are found throughout, and are directly involved in the process of chemical products and materials. 636-41-9, Name is 2-Methyl-1H-pyrrole, molecular formula is , belongs to pyrrolines compound. In a document, author is Sako, M, Reference of 636-41-9.

Novel photodegradation of the antifungal antibiotic pyrrolnitrin in anhydrous and aqueous aprotic solvents

The UV irradiation of pyrrolnitrin (1a), which is an antibiotic clinically useful against dermatophytosis and possesses a unique 2-(pyrrol-3-yl)nitrobenzene moiety in the molecule, in an anhydrous aprotic solvent resulted in the exclusive formation of transient 7,4′-dichlorospiro[1,3-dihydrobenzo-(c)isoxazole-3,3′-pyrrolin-2′-one] (2a) via the intramolecular oxidation of the juxtaposed pyrrole ring by the triplet-excited nitro group. The irradiation in an aqueous aprotic solvent, however, allowed the concurrent occurrence of intramolecular cyclization by the singlet-excited nitro group in 1a and the hydroxylation at the 2-position of the pyrrole ring by water to afford 3,7-dichloro-8-hydroxy-8,8a-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indol-2-one (3a), accompanied by the formation of 2a. Elongation of the irradiation time in these photoreactions caused a rapid consumption of the products, 2a and 3a, to give undetermined polar polymeric products. The present results indicate that the photodegradation of 1a is significantly influenced by the presence of water in the reaction media and by the nature of its excited state. Thus, the loss of the antifungal activities by the photosensitive antibiotic 1a was chemically proved.

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Pyrroline – Wikipedia,
,1-Pyrroline | C4H7N – PubChem

Name: 3-Maleimidopropionic acid, New research progress on 7423-55-4 in 2021.The appropriate choice of redox mediator can avoid electrode passivation and overpotential, which strongly inhibit the efficient activation of substrates in electrolysis. 7423-55-4, Name is 3-Maleimidopropionic acid, SMILES is C1(N(C(C=C1)=O)CCC(=O)O)=O, belongs to pyrrolines compound. In a article, author is Lauro, Gianluigi, introduce new discover of the category.

Discovery of 3-hydroxy-3-pyrrolin-2-one-based mPGES-1 inhibitors using a multi-step virtual screening protocol

Targeting microsomal prostaglandin E-2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) represents an efficient strategy for the development of novel drugs against inflammation and cancer with potentially reduced side effects. With this aim, a virtual screening was performed on a large library of commercially available molecules using the X-ray structure of mPGES-1 co-complexed with a potent inhibitor. Combining fast ligand-based shape alignment, molecular docking experiments, and qualitative analysis of the binding poses, a small set of molecules was selected for the subsequent steps of validation of the biological activity. Compounds 2 and 3, bearing the 3-hydroxy-3-pyrrolin-2-one nucleus, showed mPGES-1-inhibitory activity in the low micromolar range. These data highlighted the applicability of the reported virtual screening protocol for the selection of new mPGES-1 inhibitors as promising anti-inflammatory/anti-cancer drugs.

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Pyrroline – Wikipedia,
,1-Pyrroline | C4H7N – PubChem

The dynamic chemical diversity of the numerous elements, ions and molecules that constitute the basis of life provides wide challenges and opportunities for research. 112275-50-0, Name is tert-Butyl 1,4-diazepane-1-carboxylate, SMILES is O=C(N1CCNCCC1)OC(C)(C)C, in an article , author is Xie, Lei, once mentioned of 112275-50-0, Quality Control of tert-Butyl 1,4-diazepane-1-carboxylate.

A Nanomechanical Study on Deciphering the Stickiness of SARS-CoV-2 on Inanimate Surfaces

The SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes the COVID-19 epidemic can be transmitted via respiratory droplet-contaminated surfaces or fomites, which urgently requires a fundamental understanding of intermolecular interactions of the coronavirus with various surfaces. The corona-like component of the outer surface of the SARS-CoV-2 virion, named spike protein, is a key target for the adsorption and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 on various surfaces. However, a lack of knowledge in intermolecular interactions between spike protein and different substrate surfaces has resulted in ineffective preventive measures and inaccurate information. Herein, we quantified the surface interaction and adhesion energy of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with a series of inanimate surfaces via atomic force microscopy under a simulated respiratory droplet environment. Among four target surfaces, polystyrene was found to exhibit the strongest adhesion, followed by stainless steel (SS), gold, and glass. The environmental factors (e.g., pH and temperature) played a role in mediating the spike protein binding. According to systematic quantification on a series of inanimate surfaces, the adhesion energy of spike protein was found to be (i) 0-1 mJ/m(2) for hydrophilic inorganics (e.g., silica and glass) due to the lack of hydrogen bonding, (ii) 2-9 mJ/m(2) for metals (e.g., alumina, SS, and copper) due to the variation of their binding capacity, and (iii) 6-11 mJ/m(2) for hydrophobic polymers (e.g., medical masks, safety glass, and nitrile gloves) due to stronger hydrophobic interactions. The quantitative analysis of the nanomechanics of spike proteins will enable a protein-surface model database for SARS-CoV-2 to help generate effective preventive strategies to tackle the epidemic.

Because a catalyst decreases the height of the energy barrier, its presence increases the reaction rates of both the forward and the reverse reactions by the same amount.Read on for other articles about 112275-50-0. Quality Control of tert-Butyl 1,4-diazepane-1-carboxylate.

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Pyrroline – Wikipedia,
,1-Pyrroline | C4H7N – PubChem

With the volume and accessibility of scientific research increasing across the world, it has never been more important to continue building the reputation for quality and ethical publishing we’ve spent the past two centuries establishing.229625-50-7, Name is Di-tert-butyl chloromethyl phosphate, molecular formula is C9H20ClO4P, belongs to pyrrolines compound, is a common compound. In a patnet, author is Jin, Lei, once mentioned the new application about 229625-50-7, Safety of Di-tert-butyl chloromethyl phosphate.

Highly Proton Conductive Sulfonyl Imide Based Polymer Blended from Poly(arylene ether sulfone) and Parmax-1200 for Fuel Cells

Thermally and chemically stable, sulfonyl imide-based polymer blends have been prepared from sulfonimide poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SI-PAES) and sulfonimide Parmax-1200 (SI-Parmax-1200) using the solvent casting method. Initially, sulfonimide poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SI-PAES) polymers have typically been synthesized via direct polymerization of bis(4-chlorophenyl) sulfonyl imide (SI-DCDPS) and bis(4-fluorophenyl) sulfone (DFDPS) with bisphenol A (BPA). Subsequently, SI-Parmax-1200 has been synthesized via post-modification of the existing Parmax-1200 polymer followed by sulfonation and imidization. The SI-PAES/SI-Parmax-1200 blend membranes show high ion exchange capacity ranging from 1.65 to 1.97 meq/g, water uptake ranging from 22.8 to 65.4% and proton conductivity from 25,9 to 78.5 mS/cm. Markedly, the SI-PAES-40/SI-Parmax-1200 membrane (blended-40) exhibits the highest proton conductivity (78.5 mS/cm), which is almost similar to Nafion 117 (R) (84.73 mS/cm). The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fenton’s test confirm the excellent thermal and chemical stability of the synthetic polymer blends. Furthermore, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study shows a distinct phase separation at the hydrophobic/hydrophilic segments, which facilitate proton conduction throughout the ionic channel of the blend polymers. Therefore, the synthetic polymer blends represent an alternative to Nafion 117 (R) as proton exchangers for fuel cells.

Future efforts will undeniably focus on the diversification of the new catalytic transformations. These may comprise an expansion of the substrate scope from aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds to other hydrocarbons. Keep reading other articles of 229625-50-7. Safety of Di-tert-butyl chloromethyl phosphate.

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Pyrroline – Wikipedia,
,1-Pyrroline | C4H7N – PubChem

Chemical engineers work across a number of sectors, processes differ within each of these areas, but chemistry and chemical engineering roles are found throughout, and are directly involved in the process of chemical products and materials. 13472-00-9, Name is 4-(2-Aminoethyl)aniline, molecular formula is , belongs to pyrrolines compound. In a document, author is Goubitz, K, Name: 4-(2-Aminoethyl)aniline.

Crystal structure of (R)-5-isopropoxy-1-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-1,5-dihydropyrrol-2-one, C14H17NO4S and of its cis-tetracarbonyliron complex, Fe(CO)(4)(C14H17NO4S)

Source of material: grown from EtOAc/Ether/Pentane. The synthetic and chemical aspects of both compounds are reported elsewhere (see ref. 6) and references cited therein.

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Pyrroline – Wikipedia,
,1-Pyrroline | C4H7N – PubChem

Chemical engineers work across a number of sectors, processes differ within each of these areas, but chemistry and chemical engineering roles are found throughout, and are directly involved in the process of chemical products and materials. 29968-78-3, Name is 4-Nitrophenylethylamine hydrochloride, molecular formula is , belongs to pyrrolines compound. In a document, author is Liu, Zhuqing, Reference of 29968-78-3.

Selective 1,4-Addition of Organolithiums to Maleate Monoesters with Application for a Short Efficient Route to Azaindanones

The ability of maleate half-ester salts to serve as electrophilic partners in 1,4-conjugate addition reactions with control of regioselectivity has previously been explored in only a limited context with soft nucleophiles. We have demonstrated that benzylic anions of picolines, as well as enolates of ketones, esters, and nitriles, react with lithium 4-( tert -butoxy)-4-oxobutenoate in a completely regioselective manner. This new method was applied to an expedient two-step process for preparing a key azaindanone intermediate for the clinical-candidate drug MK-8666.

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Pyrroline – Wikipedia,
,1-Pyrroline | C4H7N – PubChem

The prevalence of solvent effects in heterogeneous catalysis in condensed media has motivated developing quantitative kinetic, spectroscopic, and theoretical assessments of solvent structures and their interactions with reaction intermediates. 1119-34-2, Name is Argininine monohydrochloride, molecular formula is C6H15ClN4O2, belongs to pyrrolines compound, is a common compound. In a patnet, author is Smith, Amos B., III, once mentioned the new application about 1119-34-2, Synthetic Route of 1119-34-2.

Pyrrolinone-Based Peptidomimetics. Let the Enzyme or Receptor be the Judge

Peptides and proteins, evolved by nature to perform vital biological functions, would constitute ideal candidates for therapeutic intervention were it not for their generally poor pharmacokinetic profiles. Nonpeptide peptidomimetics have thus been pursued because they might overcome these limitations while maintaining both the potency and selectivity of the parent peptide or protein. Since the late 1980s, we have sought to design, synthesize, and evaluate a novel, proteolytically stable nonpeptide peptidomimetic scaffold consisting of a repeating structural unit amenable to iterative construction; a primary concern is maintaining both the appropriate peptide-like side-chains and requisite hydrogen bonding. In this Account, we detail how efforts in the Smith-Hirschmann laboratories culminated in the identification of the 3,5-linked polypyrrolinone scaffold. We developed effective synthetic protocols, both in solution and on solid supports, for iterative construction of diverse polypyrrolinones that present functionalized peptide-like side-chains. As a result of the rigid nature of the pyrrolinone scaffold, control over the backbone conformation could be exerted by modulation of the stereogenicity of the constituent monomers and the network of intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The extended conformation of the homochiral 3,5-linked polypyrrolinone scaffold proved to be an excellent mimic for beta-strands and beta-sheets. Application to enzyme inhibitor design and synthesis led not only to modest inhibitors of the aspartic acid protease renin and the matrix metalloprotease class of enzymes, but importantly to bioavailable HIV-1 protease inhibitors with subnanomolar binding constants. The design and synthesis of a competent peptide-pyrrolinone hybrid ligand for the class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen protein HLA-DR1 further demonstrated the utility of the 3,5-polypyrrolinone motif as a mimic for the extended polyproline type II peptide backbone. Equally important, we sought to define, by synthesis, the additional conformational space accessible to the polypyrrolinone structural motif, with the ultimate goal of accessing pyrrolinone-based turn and helix mimetics. Toward this end, a mono-N-methylated bispyrrolinone was found to adopt an extended helical array in the solid state. Subsequent synthesis of D,L-alternating (heterochiral) tetrapyrrolinones both validated the expected turn conformations in solution and led to a functionally active mimetic of a peptidal beta-turn (similar to somatostatin). Finally, the design, synthesis, and structural evaluation of both acyclic and cyclic heterochiral (that is, D,L-alternating) hexapyrrolinones yielded nanotube-like assemblies in the solid state. Taken together, these results illustrate the remarkable potential of the 3,5-linked polypyrrolinone scaffold as beta-strand, beta-sheet, beta-turn, and potentially helical peptidomimetics.

Future efforts will undeniably focus on the diversification of the new catalytic transformations. These may comprise an expansion of the substrate scope from aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds to other hydrocarbons. Keep reading other articles of 1119-34-2. Synthetic Route of 1119-34-2.

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Pyrroline – Wikipedia,
,1-Pyrroline | C4H7N – PubChem

Chemical engineers work across a number of sectors, processes differ within each of these areas, but chemistry and chemical engineering roles are found throughout, and are directly involved in the process of chemical products and materials. 5306-85-4, Name is (3R,3aR,6S,6aR)-3,6-Dimethoxyhexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan, molecular formula is , belongs to pyrrolines compound. In a document, author is Ramireddy, Naresh, Reference of 5306-85-4.

Base-catalyzed reaction between isatins and N-Boc-3-pyrrolin-2-one

The base-catalyzed reaction between isatins and N-Boc-3-pyrrolin-2-one yields Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) adducts instead of the expected aldol products in good to high yields (up to 97%). Various organic and inorganic bases are efficient catalysts for this reaction. Our study excluded the Morita-Baylis-Hillman mechanism for the formation of the MBH-type products. The MBH products are most likely formed as a result of the subsequent isomerization of the original aldol products between isatins and N-Boc-3-pyrrolin-2-one. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The result showed that such a combination of chemo- and biocatalysis improved the catalytic yield more than two times compared with that of sole metal catalysis.I hope my blog about 5306-85-4 is helpful to your research. Reference of 5306-85-4.

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Pyrroline – Wikipedia,
,1-Pyrroline | C4H7N – PubChem

Modeling chemical reactions helps engineers virtually understand the chemistry, optimal size and design of the system, and how it interacts with other physics that may come into play. 1205-17-0, Name is 2-Methyl-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)propionaldehyde, molecular formula is , belongs to pyrrolines compound. In a document, author is Rosas, N, Related Products of 1205-17-0.

Catalytic hydrocyanation of alpha-ketoalkynes by Ni(CN)(2)/CO/KCN system in alkaline aqueous media: Identification of the active species

5-Hydroxy-3-pyrrolin-2-ones are regioselectively synthesized in a good yield under very mild conditions by tetracyanonickelate (0) ion catalyzed hydrocyanation of alpha-ketoalkynes, in the absence of hydrogen cyanide. The catalyst is prepared in situ in a basic aqueous medium by reduction of Ni(CN)(2) with CO in the excess of KCN. From the LR spectroscopy studies and by evaluation of catalytic activity of some cyanonickelates it is proposed that [Ni(CN)(4)](-4) anion is the active species in the process. A possible mechanism is suggested for the conversion of nickel cyanide to [Ni(CN)(4)](-4). The effect of the reaction variables, e.g.: reaction time, temperature, absorption of carbon monoxide, the concentration of potassium cyanide, water, substrate, and sodium hydroxide were also examined. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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Pyrroline – Wikipedia,
,1-Pyrroline | C4H7N – PubChem